Greece is a country located in southeastern Europe, with a rich history and cultural heritage that spans over thousands of years. Its ancient civilization has contributed to the development of philosophy, mathematics, art, and democracy, making it a center of Western civilization.
History
Greece has a long and fascinating history that dates back to ancient times. The earliest known civilization in Greece was the Minoans, who lived on the island of Crete around 2700 BCE. They were followed by the Mycenaeans, who lived on the Greek mainland and were known for their warrior culture and epic poetry.
The classical period of Greece, which lasted from the 5th to 4th centuries BCE, saw the emergence of great philosophers, such as Plato and Aristotle, and the rise of democracy in Athens. This period is also famous for the construction of iconic buildings, such as the Parthenon, a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena.
Greece was later conquered by the Romans in 146 BCE and became part of the Byzantine Empire in the 4th century CE. It was then conquered by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century and remained under Ottoman rule until the 19th century. Greece finally achieved its independence in 1830.
Culture
Greek culture is renowned for its contributions to art, philosophy, and literature. Greek art is characterized by its realism and attention to detail, as seen in the sculpture of ancient Greece, while Greek philosophy is known for its emphasis on reason and logic.
Greek literature is also considered some of the greatest in the world, with works such as the Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer and the plays of Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes.
Greece is also known for its music, with traditional Greek music featuring the use of instruments such as the bouzouki, a stringed instrument similar to a mandolin, and the clarinet. Greek folk dances are also popular, with traditional dances such as the syrtos and the kalamatianos.
Tourism
Greece is a popular tourist destination, attracting millions of visitors each year. Its ancient ruins, such as the Acropolis in Athens and the ancient city of Delphi, are a major draw for history buffs, while its islands and beaches are popular with sun-seekers.
Santorini, Mykonos, and Crete are among the most popular islands to visit, with their stunning beaches, picturesque towns, and nightlife. The historic city of Athens is also a must-visit destination, with its ancient ruins, museums, and vibrant street life.
Food
Greek cuisine is famous for its use of fresh ingredients, such as olive oil, herbs, and vegetables. Some of the most famous Greek dishes include moussaka, a dish made with eggplant, minced meat, and béchamel sauce, and souvlaki, grilled skewers of meat or vegetables.
Greek salads, made with tomatoes, cucumbers, feta cheese, and olives, are also a popular dish.
Traditional Greek desserts include:
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Baklava - A flaky pastry made with layers of phyllo dough, chopped nuts (usually walnuts or pistachios), and a honey syrup.
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Galaktoboureko - A custard-filled pastry made with phyllo dough and a syrup made from sugar, water, and lemon juice.
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Loukoumades - Deep-fried dough balls served drizzled with honey syrup and cinnamon.
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Greek Yogurt with Honey and Nuts - A simple dessert made with thick Greek yogurt, drizzled with honey and topped with chopped nuts (usually walnuts).
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Kourabiedes - Butter cookies coated in powdered sugar and flavored with vanilla and almonds.
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Melomakarona - Honey-soaked cookies made with semolina flour, honey, and spices like cinnamon and cloves.
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Ravani - A sweet cake made with semolina flour and soaked in a syrup made with sugar, water, and lemon juice.
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Sokolatina - A chocolate cake made with cocoa powder, flour, sugar, and eggs, often served with a dusting of powdered sugar or a drizzle of chocolate sauce.
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Spoon Sweets - Whole fruit preserved in syrup, often served as a sweet treat alongside coffee or tea.
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Tsoureki - A sweet bread made with eggs, butter, and flavored with orange zest and mahlab (a spice made from the seeds of cherry stones). Often served at Easter time.
Greece Travel Related Articles
Santorini, once called Kallisti (translated as the most beautiful one) has since 1969 been an archaeological site developed to excavate a 4000 year old Cycladic/Minoan town that had been buried beneath the volcanic ash. The Akrotiri people had time to leave the area before the volcanic eruption exploded, but left behind beautifully well-preserved wall paintings, ceramics and other ornate objects.
Santorini is an active volcano whose last eruption occurred in 1950. Previous to that a large explosive eruption occurred around 1640 BC.
Fire By The Sea by Walter L. Friedrich, Friedrich describes the eruption of the Greek island of Santorini, or Thera, sometime in the 17th or 16th century BC. He links the legend of the lost city of Atlantis to Santorini and his book has many color photos that highlight the beauty, the geology, the history and archaeology of Santorini.
The End of Atlantis: New Light on an Old Legend written by J.V. Luce has linked Santorini to the Legend of Atlantis. Speculation as to how the Minoan Civilization disappeared is linked to the massive Santorini explosion around 1500 B.C. Could Atlantis have been located on the island of Crete? Before 1500 B.C. Crete (see History of Crete) was the seat of the Minoan Empire. Archaeological excavations have shown that Minoan Crete was probably one of the most sophisticated cultures of its time. It had wonderful architecture and art. Minoan laws gave women equal legal status to that of men. Communication, trade and agriculture was enhanced by ships that traveled to outlying areas.
Luce unravels the mystery more by saying when Santorini exploded, a large tsunami that hit Crete must have traveled inland for over half a mile, destroying any costal town or cities. Plato's description of Atlantis' fate closely resembles the destruction of Crete. Luce describes the time difference of Plato's writings. Luce describes how some of the figures from Egyptian to Greek were mistranslated and an extra zero added. This would mean 900 years ago became 9000, and the distance from Egypt to Atlantis went from 250 miles to 2,500. Only time will unearth the proof of whether Santorini was the seat of Atlantis.
Greece Travel Related Articles